AMR-050-0019 · Complete counterexample

Nonconstant Antipedal Area Ratios in Four-Periodic Elliptic Billiards

Manuscript 1 October 2026 · Online 1 October 2026

math.DSmath.MGUnrefereed preprint

Abstract

For a periodic elliptic billiard, let A' be the area of the polygon formed by consecutive tangents to the ellipse, and let A*_M be the antipedal area of the original orbit with respect to a fixed point M. We give an exact counterexample to the claimed constancy of A'/A*_M for periods divisible by four, listed as k402 in Table 5 of Reznik, Garcia and Koiller's 2021 article Fifty New Invariants of N-Periodics in the Elliptic Billiard. The denominator is unprimed and the printed point condition is All; taking M to be the center O is allowed. On a standard connected family of convex primitive four-periodic orbits in a fixed noncircular ellipse with one fixed confocal elliptic caustic, put s=a^2+b^2, D=a^2 b^2 and d(t)=(b^2-a^2) sin(t) cos(t). We derive A'/A*_O=D(D+d(t)^2)/(D^2+s^2 d(t)^2), with sharp range [D s^2/(s^2-2D)^2, 1] on the displayed family. For a=4,b=3, two orbits share the caustic with semiaxes 16/5 and 9/5 and give the ratios 1 and 90000/113569. The analytic continuous-family certificate proves reflection and strictly interior caustic tangency; all witness polygons are finite, convex and positively oriented. The four-periodic family and caustic are known geometry and are explicitly credited. This note refutes the literal k402 assertion and frozen dataset record AMR-050-0019 (raw ID 5100019), not every source invariant. A bounded primary-source search did not identify a correction of this exact row but does not certify novelty or absolute priority. Two standalone exact rational checkers accompany the analytic proof. This AI-assisted manuscript is unrefereed; no independent human review or proof-assistant verification is claimed. Alper Ferudun, Mercury Software GmbH. Contact: [email protected]. GitHub: https://github.com/AlperTheKing.

Record

Affiliation
Mercury Software GmbH
Result
Complete counterexample
Categories
math.DS · math.MG
Manuscript
1 October 2026
Online release
1 October 2026
Version
1.0
License
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Files and verification

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Citation

Alper Ferudun, “Nonconstant Antipedal Area Ratios in Four-Periodic Elliptic Billiards,” EulerSolve Research Papers, AMR-050-0019, 2026. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23077039.

BibTeX
@misc{Ferudun2026AMR0500019,
  author = {Ferudun, Alper},
  title = {Nonconstant Antipedal Area Ratios in Four-Periodic Elliptic Billiards},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {EulerSolve Research Papers},
  url = {https://eulersolve.org/papers/amr-050-0019/},
  doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23077039},
  note = {AMR-050-0019; unrefereed preprint}
}

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