AMR-050-0041 · Complete proof (least period N>4)

A Telescoping Formula for Evolute Areas in Elliptic Billiards

Manuscript 30 September 2026 · Online 30 September 2026

math.DSmath.MGUnrefereed preprint

Abstract

For a noncircular elliptic billiard with a nondegenerate confocal elliptic caustic, we derive closed formulas for the signed area ratios of the caustic contact polygon and the boundary tangent polygon to their discrete evolutes. The formulas hold for every physical periodic orbit of least period greater than four, including star trajectories. Unit complex contact parameters satisfy a biquadratic relation. The consecutive circumcenters have a rational expression whose local area term differs from a constant multiple of the contact-area term by an explicit rational coboundary. A polynomial certificate and cyclic summation prove the inner formula. Conic polarity and a fixed-conic circumcenter transformation yield the outer formula. The exceptional coefficients force least periods three or four, which proves that the stated quotients have nonzero denominators. Exact examples also show why repeating primitive four-cycles does not extend the theorem to a list-length interpretation of period. The results address invariants k703 and k702 of Reznik, Garcia and Koiller in one manuscript, corresponding to AMR-050-0041 and AMR-050-0040 in the frozen ulamai/UnsolvedMath v1.6.0 dataset.

Record

Affiliation
Mercury Software GmbH
Result
Complete proof (least period N>4)
Categories
math.DS · math.MG
Manuscript
30 September 2026
Online release
30 September 2026
Version
1.0
License
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Files and verification

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Citation

Alper Ferudun, “A Telescoping Formula for Evolute Areas in Elliptic Billiards,” EulerSolve Research Papers, AMR-050-0041, 2026. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23061834.

BibTeX
@misc{Ferudun2026AMR0500041,
  author = {Ferudun, Alper},
  title = {A Telescoping Formula for Evolute Areas in Elliptic Billiards},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {EulerSolve Research Papers},
  url = {https://eulersolve.org/papers/amr-050-0041/},
  doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23061834},
  note = {AMR-050-0041; unrefereed preprint}
}

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