IMO 1983

6 problems with complete solutions · Official problem paper (PDF)

  1. Problem 1

    Find all functions \(f\) defined on the set of positive real numbers which take positive real values and satisfy the conditions:

    (i) \(f(xf(y))=yf(x)\) for all positive \(x,y\);

    (ii) \(f(x)\to0\) as \(x\to\infty\).

    Solution →

  2. Problem 2

    Let \(A\) be one of the two distinct points of intersection of two unequal coplanar circles \(C_1\) and \(C_2\) with centers \(O_1\) and \(O_2\), respectively. One of the common tangents to the circles touches \(C_1\) at \(P_1\) and \(C_2\) at \(P_2\), while the other touches \(C_1\) at \(Q_1\) and \(C_2\) at \(Q_2\). Let \(M_1\) be the midpoint of \(P_1Q_1\),and \(M_2\) be the midpoint of \(P_2Q_2\). Prove that \(\angle O_1AO_2=\angle M_1AM_2\).

    Solution →

  3. Problem 3

    Let \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\) be positive integers, no two of which have a common divisor greater than 1. Show that \(2abc-ab-bc-ca\) is the largest integer which cannot be expressed in the form \(xbc+yca+zab\),where \(x\), \(y\) and \(z\) are non-negative integers.

    Solution →

  4. Problem 4

    Let \(ABC\) be an equilateral triangle and \(\mathcal E\) the set of all points contained in the three segments \(AB\), \(BC\) and \(CA\) (including \(A\), \(B\) and \(C\)). Determine whether, for every partition of \(\mathcal E\) into two disjoint subsets, at least one of the two subsets contains the vertices of a right-angled triangle. Justify your answer.

    Solution →

  5. Problem 5

    Is it possible to choose 1983 distinct positive integers, all less than or equal to \(10^5\), no three of which are consecutive terms of an arithmetic progression? Justify your answer.

    Solution →

  6. Problem 6

    Let \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\) be the lengths of the sides of a triangle. Prove that

    \[ a^2b(a-b)+b^2c(b-c)+c^2a(c-a)\geq 0. \]

    Determine when equality occurs.

    Solution →

All years