IMO 2000

6 problems with complete solutions · Official problem paper (PDF)

  1. Problem 1

    \(AB\) is tangent to the circles \(CAMN\) and \(NMBD\). \(M\) lies between \(C\) and \(D\) on the line \(CD\), and \(CD\) is parallel to \(AB\). The chords \(NA\) and \(CM\) meet at \(P\); the chords \(NB\) and \(MD\) meet at \(Q\). The rays \(CA\) and \(DB\) meet at \(E\). Prove that \(PE = QE\).

    Solution →

  2. Problem 2

    \(A, B, C\) are positive reals with product 1. Prove that \[ \left(A-1+\frac1B\right)\left(B-1+\frac1C\right)\left(C-1+\frac1A\right)\le 1. \]

    Solution →

  3. Problem 3

    \(k\) is a positive real. \(N\) is an integer greater than 1. \(N\) points are placed on a line, not all coincident. A move is carried out as follows. Pick any two points \(A\) and \(B\) which are not coincident. Suppose that \(A\) lies to the right of \(B\). Replace \(B\) by another point \(B'\) to the right of \(A\) such that \(AB' = kBA\). For what values of \(k\) can we move the points arbitrarily far to the right by repeated moves?

    Solution →

  4. Problem 4

    100 cards are numbered 1 to 100 (each card different) and placed in 3 boxes (at least one card in each box). How many ways can this be done so that if two boxes are selected and a card is taken from each, then the knowledge of their sum alone is always sufficient to identify the third box?

    Solution →

  5. Problem 5

    Can we find \(N\) divisible by just 2000 different primes, so that \(N\) divides \(2^N+1\)? [\(N\) may be divisible by a prime power.]

    Solution →

  6. Problem 6

    \(A_1A_2A_3\) is an acute-angled triangle. The foot of the altitude from \(A_i\) is \(K_i\) and the incircle touches the side opposite \(A_i\) at \(L_i\). The line \(K_1K_2\) is reflected in the line \(L_1L_2\). Similarly, the line \(K_2K_3\) is reflected in \(L_2L_3\) and \(K_3K_1\) is reflected in \(L_3L_1\). Show that the three new lines form a triangle with vertices on the incircle.

    Solution →

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